In short

Put pots and large plates on the bottom rack facing the centre, glasses and mugs on the top rack upside down and angled, keep spray arms and the dispenser clear, scrape large scraps without full rinsing, and don’t overload.

Bottom rack: large and dirtiest items

The bottom rack gets stronger spray, so it suits large plates, pots and pans. Stand plates upright angled towards the centre, and place pots upside down.

  • Don’t put a large tray in front of the detergent dispenser so it can’t open.
  • Leave gaps between plates so water reaches every surface.

Top rack: glasses and mugs

Put glasses, mugs and small bowls upside down and slightly angled so water doesn’t pool on them. Light plastics belong on top, away from the heater.

Cutlery basket or third rack

Mix the direction of spoons and forks so they don’t nest, and place sharp knives blade-down or in the dedicated top drawer if you have one.

Let the spray arms turn freely

After loading, spin the upper and lower arms by hand. If one hits a pot handle or tray, water won’t reach a large part of the load and you may hear knocking during the cycle.

This one simple step solves a large share of poor-cleaning and knocking complaints.

Preparation: scrape, don’t over-rinse

Scrape bones, rice and peel into the bin because they clog the filter. A full rinse under the tap usually isn’t needed — detergent works better with some light soil.

Common mistakes

  • Overloading and stacking dishes on each other.
  • Using hand-wash liquid instead of dishwasher detergent.
  • Not cleaning the filter weekly.
  • Forgetting rinse aid with hard water.
  • Washing unsuitable items such as wood or some aluminium and crystal.

Guides related to this article

Dishwasher not cleaning Food residue or white film on dishes. Dishwasher not drying Wet dishes and droplets after the programme. Noisy dishwasher Rattling, grinding, humming or banging. Dishwasher not draining Water left in the bottom, or code 5C.

FAQ

Should I rinse dishes before loading?

Just scrape off large scraps. A full rinse wastes water and usually doesn’t improve results.

Why do mugs stay wet on top?

Because they were placed flat and collect water. Angle them, and use rinse aid for better drying.

Can non-stick pans go in the dishwasher?

Follow the pan manufacturer’s instructions — some coatings are affected by strong detergents over time.